France, a country steeped in rich history, art, and culture, has long been a beacon for travelers seeking beauty and inspiration. Known as the “Hexagon” for its geographical shape, France is not just a destination; it’s a tapestry woven with the threads of revolutionary ideas, artistic movements, and culinary excellence. Here’s a rich selection of things to do in France, let’s take it step by step.

History of France

The history of France dates back to ancient times, with evidence of human habitation stretching as far back as 1.8 million years. The Gauls, a Celtic tribe, inhabited the region before Roman conquest in 51 BCE, during which France became part of the Roman Empire, known as Gaul. This period introduced significant advancements in architecture, law, and engineering, many of which remain visible today.

In the medieval period, France became the center of power and culture in Europe. The establishment of the Capetian dynasty in the late 10th century marked the beginning of a long line of kings, leading to the emergence of iconic structures like the Notre-Dame Cathedral and the Palace of Versailles. The 14th and 15th centuries were marked by the Hundred Years’ War and the rise of Joan of Arc, who became a national heroine for her role in reclaiming French territory from English control.

The French Revolution of 1789 dramatically reshaped the nation and influenced the world, leading to the establishment of the First Republic and the end of monarchy in France. The spirit of liberty, equality, and fraternity became the foundation of modern French identity. The subsequent rise of Napoleon Bonaparte marked a significant period of expansion and reform, establishing France as a dominant power in Europe.

The 19th and 20th centuries saw France become a cultural hub, fostering movements like Impressionism and Surrealism, with artists such as Monet, Renoir, and Dali calling it home. After two devastating World Wars, France emerged as a leader in European integration, establishing itself as a symbol of democracy and cultural richness.

Top 8 Things to Do in France:

Today, France is celebrated not only for its historical monuments and art but also for its stunning landscapes, gastronomic traditions, and vibrant regional cultures. From the bustling streets of Paris to the picturesque villages of Provence, France invites visitors to explore its layers of history and immerse themselves in its diverse offerings.

Here’s a comprehensive guide to the top things to do in France, along with tips to make your visit unforgettable.

1. Paris – The City of Lights

Must-See Attractions:

  • Eiffel Tower: A visit to France is incomplete without seeing the Eiffel Tower. Constructed in 1889 for the World’s Fair, it’s a global icon. Catch the breathtaking view from the top floor or enjoy a picnic on the lawns of Champ de Mars.
  • Louvre Museum: Housing thousands of pieces of art, including the Mona Lisa and the Venus de Milo, the Louvre is the world’s largest art museum.
  • Notre-Dame Cathedral: This masterpiece of French Gothic architecture dates back to the 12th century. Climb the towers for stunning views of Paris.

2. Versailles – The Grand Palace

Palace of Versailles: Known for its Hall of Mirrors, the Palace of Versailles was a symbol of the absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime. Wander through the opulent palace and the expansive gardens designed by André Le Nôtre.

  • Address: Place d’Armes, 78000 Versailles.
  • Tip: Weekdays are generally less crowded, and try to go early in the morning.
  • Fun Fact: Originally a hunting lodge, King Louis XIV transformed it into a grand palace to showcase his power.

3. The Wine Regions – Bordeaux and Burgundy

Bordeaux: Known as the wine capital, Bordeaux is a UNESCO World Heritage site with stunning architecture and world-renowned vineyards. Consider booking a guided wine tour to learn about the winemaking process and enjoy tastings.

  • Tip: Late spring (May) and early fall (September) offer the best weather for wine tours.
  • Don’t Miss: St. Emilion, a medieval village famous for its wines, located just outside of Bordeaux.

Burgundy: Famed for its pinot noir and chardonnay, Burgundy is a region rich in history and culture. Cycle through the vineyards and visit Dijon, the region’s capital known for its mustard.

  • Tip: Plan a day trip from Paris or stay a few nights to fully explore the wineries and villages.

top things to do in France - Bordeaux and Burgundy

4. The French Riviera – Glamour by the Sea

Cannes: Known for its international film festival, Cannes is a glamorous destination with sandy beaches and high-end shops. Relax on the public beaches or take a stroll along the Promenade de la Croisette.

  • Best Time to Visit: Spring (April to June) or fall (September to October) for pleasant weather and fewer tourists.

Nice: With its charming Old Town, Nice offers a blend of Italian and French culture. Climb to the top of Castle Hill for panoramic views of the coast.

  • Tip: Don’t miss the flower market at Cours Saleya and try the local socca, a savory chickpea pancake.

Saint-Tropez: Once a quiet fishing village, Saint-Tropez is now a hotspot for celebrities and luxury yachts. Explore the cobblestone streets, upscale boutiques, and stunning beaches.

  • Fun Fact: Saint-Tropez gained fame as a glamorous destination in the 1950s, thanks to stars like Brigitte Bardot.

5. Provence – Lavender Fields and Charming Villages

Lavender Fields in Valensole: If you visit in July, Provence’s lavender fields are in full bloom. The Valensole Plateau offers stunning landscapes and countless photo opportunities.

  • Best Time to Visit: Mid-June to mid-July for the lavender season.
  • Tip: Bring sunscreen and water, as Provence can get hot in summer.

Avignon: Known for the Palais des Papes (Palace of the Popes), Avignon has a fascinating history dating back to medieval times.

  • Tip: The annual Avignon Theatre Festival in July brings world-class performances to the city.

6. Loire Valley – Castles and Gardens

The Loire Valley, often called the “Garden of France,” is home to over 300 châteaux, each with unique architectural styles. Château de Chambord and Château de Chenonceau are two of the most popular castles.

  • Tip: Spring and fall are ideal times to visit for pleasant weather and blooming gardens.
  • Fun Fact: The Loire Valley was the playground of the French nobility, and many castles were built as symbols of wealth and status.

7. Normandy – A Historical and Scenic Region

Mont Saint-Michel: Rising out of the sea, Mont Saint-Michel is a breathtaking island commune with a medieval abbey. Explore the cobblestone streets and savor a crêpe at a local café.

  • Best Time to Visit: Visit during low tide to walk around the base of the island; aim for early morning to avoid crowds.

D-Day Beaches: Pay homage to history with a visit to the D-Day landing sites in Normandy, such as Omaha Beach and Pointe du Hoc.

  • Tip: Guided tours provide insightful context about the landings and the impact of WWII on the region.

8. The French Alps – A Paradise for Skiers and Hikers

Chamonix: Nestled at the foot of Mont Blanc, Chamonix is the oldest ski resort in France. In winter, it’s a paradise for skiers; in summer, hikers flock to explore the stunning alpine scenery.

  • Best Time to Visit: Winter (December to March) for skiing; summer (June to August) for hiking.
  • Tip: Dress in layers as mountain weather can change quickly.

General Travel Tips for Visiting France

  • Best Time to Visit: France is a year-round destination, though spring (April to June) and fall (September to November) offer mild weather, fewer tourists, and lower prices.
  • Language: French is the official language, but English is widely spoken in tourist areas. Basic French phrases can go a long way!
  • Currency: The Euro (€). Credit cards are accepted widely, though having cash is handy for smaller shops or rural areas.
  • What to Pack:
    • Clothing: Dress according to the season, with layers for changing temperatures.
    • Comfortable Shoes: You’ll likely be walking a lot, especially in cities like Paris.
    • Adapter: France uses the Type C and E plugs (230V).
    • Sunscreen: Essential for summer visits, especially along the French Riviera or in Provence.

Sample Itinerary Ideas

  • 3 Days in Paris: Eiffel Tower, Louvre, Notre-Dame, and a Seine River Cruise.
  • 7 Days in France: Split time between Paris, Versailles, and a day trip to either Normandy or the Loire Valley.
  • 10-14 Days in France: Cover Paris, the Loire Valley, Provence, the French Riviera, and a wine-tasting tour in Bordeaux or Burgundy.

France is a captivating country with a history and beauty that lure travelers from around the world. Whether you’re sipping wine in Bordeaux, wandering through lavender fields in Provence, or skiing in the French Alps, there’s something for everyone.